Features of DotNet Framework

Features of dotnet framework are

1. CLR(Common language Run time)

2. BCL or FCL(Base class library or framework class library)

   CLR has sub components

      

         1. CLS (Common Language Specification)

         2. CTS (Common Type System)

         3. GC( Garbage Collector)

         4. JIT(Just In Time Compiler) 

CLS:

             It is responsible to provide language interoperability

             It can be achieved by two ways managed and unmanaged code.
         
A code is generated by MSIL then it is called as managed code.
A code is generated with the help of  OS is called un managed code.
The process of execution of managed and unmanaged code is called language independency and language interoperability.

Language Specification:
Every programming language has its own language specification.
But CLR can understand all the programming language because of language specification.
Any language compiler should follow this language specification of CLR at the time of compilation and should generate MSIL,and CLR'S JIT compiler will generate native code from MSIL and CLR will execute it.

CTS:
      * Every language will have its own datatype system.
      *CLR supports the execution of most of the programming languages the CLR must understand the datatypes of the all the programming languages.
     *CLR contains its own data type system called as common type system.
     * All the data types presenting different languages will be converted to common type system before comming for the execution to the CLR.

EX:
        C#.Net               VB.Net
        int x ;                    Dim x as integer    
by using CTS it can accept all type of datatypes
system.int32

GC:
     Garbage collector is responsible to provide automatic memory management
By using automatic memory management
There do not be any problem of insufficient memory
it reduces the burden of programmer.
Garbage collector has its own engine known as optimize engine which runs when required and divide objects into two categories.
->Objects in use and
->idled objects.
Objects in use are kept in memory and idled objects are destroyed from the memory.

JIT Compiler:
converting MSIL code to machine code by the just in time compiler .

BCL:
It is also known as framework class library

C# library:collection of Assemblies
                           |
Collection of name spaces
                        |
collection of classes and interfaces